Fuel and heating system.



J. BREWER.

FUEL AND HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22, 1915.

1,1 69, 1 1 9, Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

I 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1- flu I Witnesses THE COLUMBIA PLANcGRAPH cm, WASHINGTON, D. c.

Attorneys J. BREWER.

FUEL AND HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION mu) APR-22. 1915.

1, 169,1 19.. Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2- J. BREWER.

FUEL AND HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICAHON FILED APR-22, 1915.

1,169,119., Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

5 SHEETS SHEET 3- J. BREWER.

FUEL AND HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22, 1915x Llfigl 19, Patented Jan. 25, 1916. I

5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

Witnesses A 3 fl w wgr Inventor Q Attorn eys THE COLUMBIA PLMJOGIAPM ;q.. WASHINGTON, n. c,

J. BREWER.

FUEL AND HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22, 1915.

1,1691 19. Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Witnesses Mfifi Inventor 7e, Attorneys THE COLUMBIA PLANUORAPH CO" WASHINGTON. D. c.

'p iviann srarns ra'rnnr ormon.

JACOB BREWER, or HAZLETON, PENNSYLVANIA.

FUELANID HEATING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

Application filed April 22, 1915. Serial No. 23,265.

To all 20/10 122. it may concern:

Be 1tknown thatI, JACOB BREWER, a c1t1- Zen of the United'States, residing at Hazleton, in the county'of Luzerne and State .of

Pennsylvania, have invented a new and use:

ful Fuel and Heating System, of which the following is a specification.

The device forming the subject matter of this application is adapted to be employed in connection with. a heater of any sort, to the end that the products of combustion may be employed for heating air, which air, at the will of the operator, having been heated, is returned either to the combustion space of the heater, below the grate of the heater, or

in both of the places above indicated, as may which will appear as the description procoeds, the'invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings :-Figure 1 shows in vertical longitudinal section, one form of the invention; Fig. 2 is a cross section'of the structure shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is a fragmental longitudinal section showing 1 a modified form'of the invention, parts appearin g in elevation; Fig. 1 is a cross section of the structure shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a. crcss section showing a modified torm of theinvention, divers parts appearing in elevation; Fig. (3 is a fragmental longitudinal section showing ainodlfied form of the 1nvention; Fig. 7 is a sectional detail illustrating a modified detail of the structure appearing in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is, a fragmental longitudinal section showing a still further modifi: cation of th invention parts appearing'in structure shown in Fig. 8. i D In carrying out the invention as disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2 there is provided a cook elevation; Fig. 9 is a cross section of the stove or range embodying a casing 1, an. oven 2, a combustion space 3, a grate 1 and I an outlet for the products of combustion. The ash pit appears at 5. Disposed in the ash pit 6 below the grate 4 are a plurality of movable dampers 7 adapted to be operated and to cooperate to form a closure extended across the ash pit 6 below the grate a,

thereby to define belowthe grate i a com I partment 8.

Assembled with theoutlet 5 is a drum 9 having a hingedly mounted valve 10 which is closed under its own weight. Should an explosion of unconsumed gases occur within the drum 9, the valve 10 will open to relieve the unduelpressure thus created and will I immediately close. Assembled with the top 1 of the drum 9 and opening thereint'ois a main stack 11 carrying a main damper D and surrounded by a jacket 12, closed at. its upper end about the stack 11. The j acket12 does not open into-the drum 9. Located within the contour of the main stack 11 is a supplemental stack 14. The jacket 12 has inlets l5 controlled by dampers 16.

Extended vertically and prolonged either upwardly or downwardly to any desired ex tent is an air pipe 17 provided intermediate its ends with an inlet 18 havlng' dampers 19 and 20 located upon opposite sides of the pipe 17 Disposed in the pipe 17 below the inlet18 is a damper 21. The inlet 18 is alined with one, end of a sinuous flue 22 located within the drum 9 and constitutes to all intents and purposes, a part of the flue 22. One end of the flue 22, designated by the reference character '23, passes downwardly through the outlet 5 and is provided with a damper 24:.

The portion .23 of the fine 22 communi cates with a horizontal flue 25 located above the oven 2 and provided with a vertical air inlet 26 extendedthrough the top of'the casing 1 and provided with a damper 27. The

flue 25,.embodies a lateral branch 28 terminated in an air inlet 29 passing laterally through the sidewall of the stove and provided with a damper 80. The flue is extended transversely of the oven 2 near to :the front thereof, as shown at 31 and. is continued forwardly as shown at32, the per.-

tion 32 of the flue ha nga d pending out lot 33 in which is located a damper 34. A vertical branch 35 communicates 'with the. part 32 of the flue and is equippedwith a damper 36. Branched oil fromthe part 35 of the flue and located between the grate 4' and the cooperating dampers '7 is a tubular arm'37 provided with a transverse head 38 located in the co1npartment-8 and provided with perforations 39. Disposed in the arm V passing downwardly through the bottom of" "the casing 1', the inlet 42 being provided w1th Cir 3Tis a damper 40. Thepart of the flue is prolonged as shown at 4l beneath the oven" 2 and is 1 equipped with a tubu'larinlet 42 a'damper 44 and there beinga damper 43in thepart4l'otthe'iiue near to the inlet 42. The lower, horizontal portion 41 of the fine is upwardly extended-as shown at and connects with the horizontal member 25 of theflue at46;

connected. I I

The air-pipe 17 is equipped with an inlet 50 located opposite to a connecting pipe 51 which unites the pipe 17 with the. part 45 of the hue. In the connecting pipe 51 is disposed a damper 53,and a damper 52is locatedin the inlet 50. Dampers 54'and 5e are placed in the part 45 of the flue, above and below the connecting pipe 51; A coni ple 58.

necting pipe'56 unites'the jacket 12 with th pipe 17 and 1n the COI'lIlQCtlIlQ D1136 56; 1S

placed a damper'57. Aspace 66 exists between the main' stack 11 and-theqacket 12" and communicates with one bend of the sinu ous flue 22 through the medium of nip- Surrounding the stack 14' and located in the space 6? between the stack 14 and the stack 11 18 a coil 59 ha ing an inlet 60 extended throrghthe stack 11 and the jacket 12,-. the inlet 60 being provided with a damper 61. As shown at 62, the lower end of the coil 59 communicates with one bend of the sinuous flue 22, and the portion 52 of the coil is supplied with adamner 63.

In the mainstackll' near to the top of the drum 9 is a damper 64, a damper being placed in the supplemental stack 14, close to the lower end thereof. Inthepart 25 of I thefflue on top of the oven 2 is located a damper 68.

In the pipe 17 below the eon-- necting pipe 56 is a damper 69. In the pipe 17'abore the connectingpipe 56'is a damper- TO'and in the pipe 17 below the connecting Pi? '51 is a'damper 71. 7

lVhen the fuel burns on the grate 4, the products of combustioneinanating from the combustionspace 3 pass upwardly through the'drum 9: The air in the flue 22 is heated andis drawn downwardly, the. air-being de liveredi into the comhusti on-space3 through by the dampers l6.

Near to the bottom of the casing 1, the portion 45 of the flue. is V equipped with an air inlet 47'controlled by a damper 48. A damper 49 is located atthe pointwherethe flue elements 45 and 41 are 1 into. the combustion space 3.

' the perforated head 38.

the outlet 33, or into the compartment 8 through the perforated head 38. If the damper 65 in thefsupplemental stack 14 is closed, the products of combustion will rise in the space67 between the stack 14 and the stackll andheat the air in the coil 59,

air being admitted to the coil 59 through the inlet 60 controlled by the damper 61. The

heated air in the coil 59 is drawn down into the flue 22 through the part 62 of thel'c oil controlled by the damperfifil; Air enters the space 66 between'the jacket .12 and the fine 11 through either of the inlets 15 controlled From the space indicated at 66, the heated air passes into the flue 22 throughthe nipple 58. Cold air may be delivered to theiflue 22 it the dampers 19 and 20 are open, the dampers 69. 61 and 63 through the lower end of the pipe 17, the dampers'53 and and 1.9 are closedthe dampers 20, 21 and 71 being open. Cold air maybe admitted into the line 22 from the beingclosed. Cold air enters the "flue 22 inlet 50 it the dampers 71,53 and 19 are' clrsedithe dampers 52, 21 and 20 being open.

The air inlet47 may be used for admitting air into the'flue 22 provided the dampers 49, 54, 71, and '19 are closed, thedampers 48, 5'5, 53. 21 and20 being open.

In order to admit air to the fine 22 through the inlet 42, the dampers 43, 48, 54, 71, 52 and 19 are closed, the dampers 44, 49, 55', 53. 21 and 20 being open. Cold airmay be admitted throrgh the inlet 29 by opening the damper 30, and'cold air may be admitted through the inlet 26 by opening the damper 27. closing the dampers 54, 2?, 30 and 36 and by cpenlng the dampers 34, 63 and 24, heated, air drawn in througlrthe pipe 23 may be made to traverse the pipe 25, the part 32 andthe outlet 33, and be delivered I I If. however, the damper 33 be closed. the damper 36 be open, and the damper 43 be open. the air will traverse the pipes and, 37, the

damper 40 being opened, under which circumstances' the heated airmay be delivered into the chamber 8 below the grate '4 through By closing the dampers 36, 68, 30, 27, 53. 48 and '44.] and by opening the dampers 40, 43, 49, 55, 54

and 24, heated air drawn downwardly through the flue.22 may be delivered by means of the pipes 45, 41, 35 and 37 to the space 8' below the grate 4 and through the perforatedhead 38. If, however, under the :ThedaInRel S constitute a secondgrate 5- 33 into the cemlocated below the grate 4C The dampers 39 may be closed for two purposes. First, to prevent the ashes in the ash pit from backing up around the perforateddischarge head 38. and second to define a compartment 8,

closed at its bottom and adapted to receive the air frrm the perforated head 38. VVhen,

acters previously used, with the suffix a the upper portion of Fig. 1 of the drawings being referred to. The air pipe 17 is connected by a branch 72 with the jacket 12 and a damper 73 is placed in the pipe 17 between the air inlet 18 and the branch 72. A damper 7% is placed in the pipe 17 above the air inlet 50. The end 23 of the flue within the drum 9 is formed into a branch 75 provided with a damperk76, the branch 75 being fashioned into a coil 77 surrounding a boiler 78 located within a casing 79."

The forward convolution 80 of the coil 77 terminates in an upstanding air inlet 81 controlled by a damper 82. The part 23 is formed into lateral extensions 8-3, COII111111 nicating with forwardly and rearwardlyextended upper loops 8% provided with damperslll, the upper loops 8% communicating with lower loops 85, the loops 84 and 85 being located on opposite sides of the boiler 78 as clearly shown in 4. As shown at 80, the forward convolution 80 of the coil 79 is connected with the bend of one upper loop 8i and in the connection 86 is disposed a damper 87. The bend 84- communicates with an air inlet 88 controlled by a damper 89 and connected to a downwardly extended air inlet pipe 90 having a damper91.- Each lower loop 85 merges into a rear loop 92 connected as shown at 93 with the coil 77. The lower portions of the rear loops 92 communicate at their forward ends with a discharge member96 corresponding to the part 33 of Fig. 1 and providedwith a damper 97 corresponding to the damper 34c. Communicating with the discharge member 96 and with the lower portions of the loops 92 is an upright pipe 98 corresponding to the pipe 35 of Fig. 1 andequipped with a damper 99 represented in Fig. 1 by the damper 36. The pipe 98 has an outlet 100 corresponding to the part 37 and provided with a damper 101. The upper grate appears at 102 andflthe lower, or damper formed 39. the compartment 104 beingrepresented 1 rate 103 corresponds to the grate ward convolution 80 of the coil 77 may be provided with a depending air inlet 91 extended downwardlybeyond the grates and providedwith a damper 95. The lower end of the pipe 15 is given a sinuous form as shown at 105, the part 105 communicating with a pipe 107 passing through a wall 108, the pipe 107 communicating with a coil 109 connected as shown at 110 with the pipe 98.

From what has beenstated hereinbefore in connection with that form of the invention shownin Fig. 1 it will be obvious that the air is adequately heated by the products of combustion and may be selectively delivered either below the grate 102 or above the grate.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings, the invention is shown as applied to a steam boiler. Many parts of the structuro'employed in Fig. 1 remain unchanged and are designated by reference characters previously used, with the suiiix b. A boiler 112 is mounted within a casing 114 and is surrounded by a jacket 115 having an air outlet 100 discharging above a main grate 117, the lower grate 118 being ofthe movable type hereinbefore described and coopeaiting with the grate 117 to form a compartment 119. The part 23* corresponding to the element 23 of Fig. 1 communicates with the interior of the jacket 115. Mounted in the casing 11a is an upright pipe 120 communicating as shown at 12 1 with the interior of the jacket 115. Thepipe 12 0 is provided at its lower end with a damper 121 and communicates'with a flue 122 having an inlet 123, the flue 122 having an extension 125 discharging beneath the grate 117. A similar flue 126 and extension 127 may be employed upon the op posite side of the boiler if desired. Dis posed'parallel to the boiler 112 and communicating with the interior of the jacket 115 is a flue 128 communicating with a lateral pipe 129 and having a damper 130, the pipe 129 communicating with an air pipe 131 having a damper 132. Communicating with the pipe 129 and upstanding therefrcm is a pipe 138 controlled by a damper 18 1. The construction obviously is such that the heated roducts of combustion may pass J. above and below the grate 117.

In Fig. 6 of the drawings, many parts used in Fig. 1 are employed, such parts'being designated by former reference charac ters with the suiiiX c. The drum 9 is provided with a pipe 171 entering a fire pot 185 inclrsed within a casing 136. The numeral 137, indicates the main grate, the numeral 138 indicating the lower grate of the type hereinbefore described. The ash pit is shown at 1-39, and the compartment between the grates appears at 1 10'. In the pipe 171 is located a damper 141. One arm 142 of the line 22 passes outside of the drum 9 and enters the fire pot through opening into th-e compartment 1 10 as shown at 172. The pipe 14l2'is further formed into two branches lei-5 and at the point where these branches diverge from the parts 1 12 and 11 1 is located a damper 173. One of thebranches 145 is provided with av nipple 159 which enters the fire pct .135. The branches 11-5 which extend around the fire pct in opposite directions intersectas shown at 146 and at their lowerends enter into the compartment 1 l0 as shown at 147. A branch 1 18 leads from the pipe 1 12 and communicates with a pipe 149 located above the fire pot and terminating in an air inlet 150. having a damper 151. The pipes 148 and 1l9communicate with a pipe 17%- extended downwardly in front of the fire pot 135 and entering the compartment 140 .as shown at152. lhe upright portion of the pipe 174: is provided with an air inlet 153 having a damper 154E, dampers 155 and. 156 being located, respectively,.above and below the inlet 153 in the pipe 174-. A nipple 157 projects from the pipe 17 1and' enters the fire pot 135, the nipple having a damper 158.

Branched oil from the pipe 17 is aucoil 160 surrounding the fire pct 135 and opening as shown at 161 into the compartment 11-0. A connection 162 unites one of the branches 1-1-5 with the branch 14% and in the element 162 is disposed a damper 163. A connection 164 connects the branch 14:41:

with the lower part of thepipe 17 and in the connection 161 is placed a damper 165. Dampers 166 and 167 he respectively above and below the connections 16% and 162, and are placed in the branch 111. p and 169 operate in the branch 144 above and below the nipple 170 which enters the fire pct 135. I v

From-what has been stated hereinbetore relative to the form of the invention referred to in Fig. 1, it will be obvious that in the form of invention shown in Fig. 5, the

. air is adequately heated by the products of 50 combustion and is delivered into the fire pot, and into the compartment l-l-O lying below the, grate 137.

In that form of the invention which is shown in Fig. 7, parts previously alluded to in Fig. (i are designated by numerals previously used, with the sufiix d. A. pipe 177 forms a communication between the pipes 1 1-1 and 115 upon the one hand and the pipes 1 1-9 and 171 upon the other hand. In the pipe 177 is disposed a damper 178.

Mounted on top of the stove bcdy is a casing.

179 in which'is placed a fine 180 of any desired sort, the same having an upright air inlet l8lzcontrolled by afdainper 182 and Dampers 168- beingprovided with a horizontal air inlet 183 controlled-by a damper 18l. The line 180 is connected as shown at 185 with the pipe 1&9 and carries a damper 186. A pipe 187 communicates with the flue 180 and this pipe is adapted to communicate with the lower portion of such a structure and the acket 12 ofFig. 6. A pipe188 is adapted to communicate with one'end 189 of such a structureas the flue 2:. of Fig. 6. The other end of the flue 22? is connected with the pipe 112. Branched from the flue end 189 is a pipe .190 communicating with the, fine 180 and having a damper-191. A pipe 192 establishes. communication between the flue 180 and the pipe 138. The modification shown in Fig. 7 comprises mainly as its distinguishing features, the casing 179 and the flue 180 therein.

1n the modification disclosed in Fig. 8, many of the parts of Fig. 1 are employed, duplicated parts being represented by reference characters previously used with the suilix"e. I Practically the only modification in the upper portion of the structure resides in the fact that the jacket 12 and parts within thesame are oiiset slightly as indicated at'193. The lower end 19% ofthe fiue inside otthedrum' 9 and corresponding to the fine .22 is bifurcated to form a branch 195 and a branch 196, the latter being in the form of a. coil. The branch 195 extends along the top ofa boilerinclosed withv a casing 197. The branch 195 is connected at 198 withia tube 199 extended 2 around the boiler in spiral form, the tube 199. being provided with an air inlet 200 controlled by a damper 201, the tube 199 communicating with the branch 196. In the tube 199 is disposed a damper 201, one end 202 of the tube 199 opening into a compartment. 203 formed between the grate 204.- and the, grate 205. Branched oil from the spiral tube 199 is an extension 206 having a damper 207, the extension206 entering the combustion space-208 above the grate20 1. By means "of a lateral pipe 209 the extension 206 communicates with the space between the shell of the boiler 196 and/the casing 197. The coiled branch 196 of the flue end 19% is pr vided with a side air. inlet 211 controlled byqa damper 212. The branch 195 is provided with atop air inlet 213 controlled by a damper 21%. The branch 1950f the flue end 194 communicates with a downwardly extended air pipe2l4 having a damper 215, the end of the branch 195=terminating in an air inlet 216 controlled by a damper 217. lhe construction of the modification shown in Fig. 8 is-such that after air has been heated in the drum,

and attendant parts, by the products of combustion, the heated air may be directed either above or below the grate204 Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. In a device of theclass described, a heater; a grate in the heater; an outlet for the products of combustion; a flue in the outlet and having an air inlet, the flue comprising branches, one of which discharges above the grate, the other of which discharges below the grate; and a movable closure extended transversely of the heater below the grate and defining a compartment into which said other branch discharges.

2. In a device of the class described, a heater; a drum communicating with the heater; a flue in the drum and communieating with the heater, the flue having an air inlet; a stack communicating W1tl1 the drum; a acket surrounding the stack and defining a compartment; means for estab-' lishing communication between the compartment and the flue; an air pipe; means for establishingcommunication between the air pipe and the compartment; and means for establishingcommunication between the air pipe and the flue-within the contour of the heater. I

3. In a device of the class described, a heater; a drum communicating with the heater; a fine in the drum and communicating with the heater; a stack communicating with the drum; a acket surrounding the stack and defining a compartment; means for establishing communication between the compartment and the flue; an air pipe; means for establishing communication between the air pipe and the compartment; and means for establishing communication between the air pipe and the 4. In a device of the class described, a heater; an outlet for the products of combustion; a drum communicating with the outlet; a flue in the drum, the flue discharging into the heater and having an air inlet; a main stack communicating with the drum; an auxiliary stack in the main stack; a jacket surrounding the main stack and defining a compartment; means for establishing communication between the compartment and the flue; a damper controlling each stack; a coil surrounding the auxiliary stack; means for establishing communication between the coil and the flue; an inlet for the coil; and an inlet for the compartment.

5. In a device of the class described, a heater; an outlet for the products or cornbustion; a drum communicating with the heater; a gratein the heater; a drum com-. mun cating wlththe heater; a flue 1n the drum and having branches discharging respectively aboveand below the grate, each oi saldr branches having air inlets; means 'forcontrolling the said inlets; an air pipe;

means for establishing communication between the air pipe and the flue; a stack communicating with the drum; a jacket surrounding the stack and defining a compartment; means for establishing communie cation between the compartment and the flue; and means for establishing communie cation between the air pipe and the coinpartment.

7. In a device of the class described, a heater; a grate therein; a drum communicating with the heater; a flue in the drum comprising branches discharging respectively above and below the grate; air inlets in said branches; means for controlhngthe a1r inlets; an air pipe; means ior establishing communication between the airpipe and the flue; a main stack communicating with the drum; an auxiliary stack located within the main stack; a jacket surrounding the main stack and defining a compartment; means for establishing communication between the compartment and the flue; means for establishing communication between the compartment and the air pipe; a coil surrounding the auxiliary stack; means for establishing communication between the coil and the flue; an air inlet for the flue; and

an air inlet for the compartment.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as s my own, I have hereto affixed my signature.

J ACOB BREWER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

